西宁机场飞机地面空调改进方式研究

作者:周敏 许安琪 杨春方
单位:中国建筑西北设计研究院有限公司
摘要:飞机地面空调机组(PCA)在国内有近10年的历史,但PCA通常处理的新风温差高达30~40℃,机组能效比通常低于2。高能效、轻便、稳定是未来PCA的发展趋势。本文结合西宁地区气候特点、航站楼冷热源设计特点,在常规机组的基础上进行改进,提出夏季采取一级预冷(预冷水温16℃)、二级深度压缩制冷(冷凝采用水冷)+三级风冷保证过渡季供冷的技术方案。并根据冬季供热形式进一步分为方案1(电加热)、方案2(集中热源预热)、方案3(预热预冷共用表面冷却器)。结果显示:方案1投资及运行费均低于常规机组;方案2、方案3投资高于常规机组,但从长期运行来看,均远优于常规机组;3种方案的运行碳排放相比常规机组,分别减少了1.9、2.8、3.3 kt/a。
关键词:飞机地面空调机组预冷热)盘管集中冷热)源经济效益碳排放
作者简介:周敏,男,1963年生,硕士研究生,教授级高级工程师710018陕西省西安市未央区中国建筑西北设计研究院综合楼1310,E-mail:zhoumin1963@163.com;
基金:中建西北院科研建设计划“高大空间分层空调计算软件开发”(编号:NB-Q-2021-NT-04),中建西北院科研建设计划“西部高原严寒地区低能耗技术研究及西宁机场示范应用”(编号:2019-NT-5);
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Study on improvements of airplane pre-conditioning air unit in Xining Airport
Zhou Min Xu Anqi Yang Chunfang
(China Northwest Architecture Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.)
Abstract: Airplane pre-conditioning air unit(PCA) has a history of nearly 10 years in China. But the temperature difference of outdoor air handled by PCA is as high as 30 to 40 ℃, and the energy efficiency ratio of the unit is usually less than 2. High energy efficiency, portability and stability are the development trend of PCA in the future. Combined with the climate characteristics of Xining area and the design characteristics of cold and heat sources of the terminal, this paper makes an improvement on the basis of conventional units. It is put forward that the first-stage pre cooling is adopted in summer, and the pre cooling water temperature is 16 ℃. The second stage adopts deep compression refrigeration, and water cooling is used for condensation. The third stage adopts the technical scheme of air cooling to ensure the cooling in the transition season. According to the heating forms in winter, it is further divided into scheme 1(electric heating), scheme 2(central heat source preheating) and scheme 3(preheating and precooling shared surface cooler). The results show that the investment and operation costs of scheme 1 are lower than those of conventional units. The investment of scheme 2 and scheme 3 is higher than that of conventional units. But in terms of long-term operation, they are much better than that of conventional units. Compared with conventional units, the operating carbon emissions of the three schemes are reduced by 1.9, 2.8, 3.3 kt/a, respectively.
Keywords: airplane pre-conditioning air unit; precooling(preheating) coil; centralized cold(heat) source; economic performance; carbon emission;
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