基于心率的新陈代谢率预测模型研究
摘要：为验证ISO 8996:2004标准中心率预测代谢率模型的准确性，通过间接测热法测量了89名20～30岁的办公人员在平躺、静坐及2、3、4、5、6 km/h走步活动下的代谢率和心率。采用逐步回归的方法，基于储备心率建立了代谢率预测方程，并通过代谢率预测值和实测值对比了2种预测方法的优劣。结果表明，ISO 8996:2004模型在预测代谢率时误差较大(21%),不适用于中国人代谢率的预测；基于储备心率的预测方程精度较高，比ISO 8996:2004模型的准确性整体上提高了11%,单个活动预测准确性提高了2%～26%。
关键词：代谢率心率体力活动间接测热法逐步回归
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[2] ASHRAE.Thermal environmental conditions for human occupancy:ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55-2020 [S].Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc.,2020:28-30.
[3] FANGER P O.Thermal comfort:analysis and applications in environmental engineering[J].Thermal comfort analysis and applications in environmental engineering,1972,92(3):227-230.
[4] LUO M,WANG Z,KE K,et al.Human metabolic rate and thermal comfort in buildings:the problem and challenge[J].Building and environment,2018,131:44-52.
[5] 李莉，陶求华.居住建筑空调能耗模拟及夏季室内温度设定[J].建筑热能通风空调，2008,27(6):78-80.
[6] Technical Committee ISO.Ergonomics of the thermal environment:determination of metabolic rate:BS EN ISO 8996:2004 [S].Geneva:International Organization for Standardization,2004:3-20.
[7] UENO S,IKEDA K,TAI T.Metabolic rate prediction in young and old men by heart rate,ambient temperature,weight and body fat percentage[J].Journal of occupational health,2014,56(6):519-525.
[8] KARVONEN J M,KENTALA E,MUSTALA O.The effects of training on heart rate:a longitudinal study[J].Journal of physical activity and health,2007,4(3):307-315.
[9] TANAKA H,MONAHAN K D,SEALS D R.Age-predicted maximal heart rate revisited[J].Journal of the American college of cardiology,2001,37(1):153-156.
[10] BOTASHEVA T L,MICHELSON A F,ZAMANSKAYA T A,et al.Validation of the Cosmed K4 b2 portable metabolic system[J].International journal of sports medicine,2001,22(4):280-284.
[11] PINNINGTON H C,WONG P.The level of accuracy and agreement in measures of FEO2,FECO2 and VE between the Cosmed K4 b2 portable,respiratory gas analysis system and a metabolic cart[J].Journal of science & medicine in sport,2001,4(3):324-335.
[12] ZHAI Y,LI M,GAO S,et al.Indirect calorimetry on the metabolic rate of sitting,standing and walking office activities[J].Building and environment,2018,145:77-84.
[13] 郭超，陆新建.工业过程数据中缺失值处理方法的研究[J].计算机工程与设计，2010,31(6):1351-1354.
[14] 陈庆果，刘耀天，谭雅兮，等.腕部加速度计中不同类型能耗预测模型的建构与评估[J].首都体育学院学报，2019,31(3):75-85.
[15] ZHANG H,ARENS E,ARENS C.Using a driving game to increase the realism of laboratory studies of automobile passenger thermal comfort[J].Center for the built environment,2003,112:2323-2329.
[16] 冯丹，王志强，罗艳侠，等.正常人体切齿至贲门长度预测的数学模型[J].数理医药学杂志，2003,16(1):1-2.
[17] 丁元林，孔丹莉，毛宗福.多重线性回归分析中的常用共线性诊断方法[J].数理医药学杂志，2004,17(4):299-300.
[18] GEISSLER C A,HAMOD A M S.Racial differences in the energy cost of standardised activities[J].Annals of nutrition and metabolism,1985,29(1):40-47.
[19] MAHADEVA K,PASSMORE R,WOOLF B.Individual variations in the metabolic cost of standardized exercises:the effects of food,age,sex and race[J].The journal of physiology,1953,121(2):225-231.
[20] PIERS L S,SOARES M J,MCCORMACK L M,et al.Is there evidence for an age-related reduction in metabolic rate?[J].Journal of applied physiology,1998,85(6):2196-2204.
[21] HAVENITH G,HOLMÉR I,PARSONS K.Personal factors in thermal comfort assessment:clothing properties and metabolic heat production[J].Energy and buildings,2002,34(6):581-591.
[22] GIEDRAITYTE L,HOLMÉR I,GAVHED D.Validation of methods for determination of metabolic rate in the Edholm Scale and ISO 8996[J].International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics,2001,7(2):135-148.
[23] YANG L,GAO S,ZHAO S,et al.Thermal comfort and physiological responses with standing and treadmill workstations in summer[J].Building and environment,2020,185:107238.
Metabolic rate prediction model based on heart rates
Abstract: In order to validate the accuracy of the analytical method for estimating metabolic rate in ISO 8996:2004, indirect calorimetry is used to measure metabolic rate and heart rate of 89 office workers aged 20-30 years under lying down, sitting still, and walking activities of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 km/h. Based on reserved heart rate, the metabolic rate prediction equation is established by stepwise regression. The advantages and disadvantages of two prediction methods are compared by predicted and measured values of metabolic rate. The results show that, the equation in ISO 8996:2004 is not suitable for Chinese because of a large error(21%) in prediction of metabolic rate. The prediction equation based on reserved heart rate is more accurate, with an overall accuracy of 11% higher than the ISO 8996:2004 method, and the prediction accuracy of individual activities is also improved by 2%-26%.
Keywords: metabolic rate; heart rate; physical activity; indirect calorimetry; stepwise regression;
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