街区尺度微气候影响下的垂直绿化热效应研究
摘要：基于局地气候区(local climate zone, LCZ)背景气象条件，借助ENVI-met和EnergyPlus终端耦合模拟，评估了夏、冬季垂直绿化的降温、增湿和节能效应。结果显示：在热岛效应和相对湿度差异分别为1.4℃和5.3%的微气候影响下，垂直绿化的降温和增湿最大差异分别为0.16℃、1.1%;夏季垂直绿化单日节能量约132～278 W·h/m2(5.7%～11.7%),全年节能量被冬季所增加的能耗部分抵消，节能率仅为3.2%～6.3%,其中92%来自植被遮荫，8%来自降温，而增湿对于节能效应则主要为负面影响(-11%)。研究结果有助于加深对微气候作用下垂直绿化响应机制及节能潜力的理解，为垂直绿化设计应用提供支撑。
关键词：垂直绿化局地气候区LCZ)耦合模拟热效应建筑节能
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[4] WONG N H,TAN A Y K,CHEN Y,et al.Thermal evaluation of vertical greenery systems for building walls[J].Building and environment,2010,45(3):663- 672.
[5] MANSO M,TEOTÓNIO I,SILVA C M,et al.Green roof and green wall benefits and costs:a review of the quantitative evidence[J].Renewable and sustainable energy reviews,2021,135:110111.
[6] CHEN Q Y,LI B F,LIU X H.An experimental evaluation of the living wall system in hot and humid climate[J].Energy and buildings,2013,61:298- 307.
[7] PÉREZ G,COMA J,MARTORELL I,et al.Vertical greenery systems (VGS) for energy saving in buildings:a review[J].Renewable and sustainable energy reviews,2014,39:139- 165.
[8] PÉREZ G,RINCÓN L,VILA A,et al.Green vertical systems for buildings as passive systems for energy savings[J].Applied energy,2011,88(12):4854- 4859.
[9] VAHMANI P,SUN F,HALL A,et al.Investigating the climate impacts of urbanization and the potential for cool roofs to counter future climate change in Southern California[J].Environmental research letters,2016,11(12):124027.
[10] MORAKINYO T E,DAHANAYAKE K W D K C,NG E,et al.Temperature and cooling demand reduction by green-roof types in different climates and urban densities:a co-simulation parametric study[J].Energy and buildings,2017,145:226- 237.
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[25] YANG X S,PENG L,JIANG Z D,et al.Impact of urban heat island on energy demand in buildings:local climate zones in Nanjing[J].Applied energy,2019,260:114279.
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Thermal effect of vertical greening under influence of block-scale microclimate
Abstract: Based on the background meteorological conditions of the local climate zone(LCZ), the study utilizes the ENVI-met and EnergyPlus terminal integrated models to evaluate the cooling, humidification and energy saving effects of vertical greening in summer and winter. The results show that the maximum cooling and humidifying differences of vertical greening are 0.16 ℃ and 1.1%, respectively, under the influence of the microclimate with the heat island effect and relative humidity difference of 1.4 ℃ and 5.3%, respectively. In summer, vertical greening energy saving is about 132 to 278 W·h/m2(5.7% to 11.7%) per day. The annual energy saving is partially offset by the increase in energy consumption in winter, and the energy saving rate is only 3.2% to 6.3%,of which 92% comes from vegetation shading, 8% comes from cooling, and the humidification has a negative impact on energy saving effects(-11%).The research results help to deepen the understanding of the mechanism of vertical greening and its energy saving potential caused by microclimate differences, and provide support for the design and application of vertical greening.
Keywords: vertical greening; local climate zone(LCZ); integrated simulation; thermal effect; building energy saving;
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