核岛冷链通风空调系统性能优化研究
摘要：核岛冷链通风空调系统的设计存在余量值过大、运行能耗高、调节控制笨重等问题。为了降低核电的成本，本文基于“华龙一号”某厂房实际通风空调系统，建立了主要能耗设备的数学模型，确定了系统节能优化目标函数和约束条件，使用遗传算法研究了通风空调系统节能运行的优化效果。分别计算了2种优化方案在负荷率变化和高温与常温末端负荷比不同时，系统整体及各设备能耗情况。结果表明：单台冷水机组运行，高温与常温末端串联的系统形式节能率为14.1%,但随着末端负荷比的增大，节能率降低；单台冷水机组运行，高温与常温末端串联、高温末端额外增加高温冷水机组的系统形式在负荷比为2时节能率为17.2%,节能效果优于方案1的12.2%。
关键词：核岛冷链冷水系统遗传算法节能性能优化
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[3] 罗海泉.大型压水堆核电厂给水泵配置及选型分析[J].江西电力职业技术学院学报，2008(1):12- 14.
[4] KIM S H,KIM J H,JANG C Y,et al.The analysis of life cycle cost and cooling water circulating pump energy saving according to variable speed pressure differential setpoint control strategy[J].KIEAE journal,2015,15(4):37- 43.
[5] 郑宇蓝.考虑建筑空调负荷随机性的冷源系统动态优化控制策略及其适应性研究[D].广州：华南理工大学，2020:18- 36.
[6] 郭晓岩.基于神经网络预测节能中央空调控制策略[J].沈阳工业大学学报，2011,33(2):198- 201.
[7] 于军琪，张瑞，赵安军，等.中央空调系统并联水泵节能优化群智能控制算法[J].控制理论与应用，2020,37(10):2155- 2162.
[8] 魏晶亮.中央空调风系统节能优化控制算法的研究[D].沈阳：沈阳工业大学，2014:26- 42.
[9] WRIGHT J A.HVAC optimisation studies:sizing by genetic algorithm[J].Building services engineering research & technology,1996,17(1):7- 14.
[10] WANG W M,ZMEUREANU R,RIVARD H.Applying multi-objective genetic algorithms in green building design optimization[J].Building and environment,2005,40(11):1512- 1525.
[11] 邢继，吴琳.中国自主先进压水堆技术“华龙一号”[M].北京：科学出版社，2020:192- 194.
[12] LU L,CAI W J,SOH Y C,et al.HVAC system optimization:condenser water loop[J].Energy conversion and management,2004,45(4):613- 630.
[13] 陈立达.基于遗传蚁群混合算法的中央空调水系统节能优化研究[D].泰安：山东科技大学，2020:13- 16.
[14] 陆安平.基于粒子群算法的中央空调系统操作优化研究[D].杭州：杭州电子科技大学，2019:26- 28.
[15] WANG Y W,CAI W J,SOH Y C,et al.A simplified modeling of cooling coils for control and optimization of HVAC systems[J].Energy conversion and management,2004,45(18/19):2915- 2930.
Research on performance optimization of cold chain ventilation and air conditioning system in nuclear islands
Abstract: The design of the cold chain ventilation and air conditioning system in the nuclear island has some problems, such as excessive margin, high operating energy consumption, and cumbersome regulation and control. To reduce the cost of nuclear power, this paper establishes a mathematical model of the main energy consuming equipment based on the actual ventilation and air conditioning system of a plant in “Hualong No.1”, determines the objective function and constraints of the system energy saving optimization, and uses the genetic algorithm to study the optimization effect of the energy saving operation of the ventilation and air conditioning system. The energy consumption of the whole system and each equipment of the two optimization schemes is calculated when the load rate changes and the load ratio of high temperature terminal and normal temperature terminal is different. The results show that when a single chiller operates, the energy saving rate of the system with the high temperature and normal temperature terminals in series is 14.1%, but the energy saving rate decreases with the increase of the terminal load ratio. When a single chiller operates, the system with the high temperature and normal temperature terminals in series and adding a high temperature chiller at the high temperature terminal has an energy saving rate of 17.2% when the load ratio is 2, and the energy saving effect is better than that of scheme 1(12.2%).
Keywords: nuclear island; cold chain; chilled water system; genetic algorithm; energy saving; performance optimization;
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