采用虚拟监测点的供水管网水力模型优化校核
摘要：供水管网水力模型参数优化校核过程中，由于监测点个数少于待校核参数的数量，校核后的模型参数存在“异参同效”的问题，也可能导致部分优化后的参数取值脱离其物理意义。而在建成区的管网中增设大量监测点难度较大，为解决管网水力模型应用中的这个实际问题，提出根据实际监测点数据预测非监测节点的压力，并将被预测的节点作为虚拟监测点的方法，以增加模型校核问题中的边界条件。应用案例分析结果表明，提出的基于灵敏度分析法改进的GRNN-PSO混合方法在保证校核精度的同时还提高了校核效率，为供水管网水力模型优化校核的应用提供了新思路。
关键词：供水管网水力模型优化校核虚拟监测点压力预测
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参考文献[1] 信昆仑，詹书俊，陶涛，等．基于灵敏度分析的供水管网模型多目标校核[J]．同济大学学报（自然科学版）．2014,42(5):736-739．
[2] BOULOS P F,ORMSBEE L E.Explicit network calibration for multiple loading conditions[J].Civil Engineering Systems,1991,8(3):153-160．
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[4] 任刚红，杜坤，和丽蓉，等．基于先验信息的供水管网阻力系数识别[J]．土木建筑与环境工程，2018,40(2):46-52．
[5] MEIRELLES G,MANZI D,BRENTAN B,et al.Calibration model for water distribution network using pressures estimated by artificial neural networks[J].Water resources management,2017,31(13):4339-4351．
[6] ORMSBEE L E.Implicit network calibration[J].Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management,1989,115(2):243-257．
[7] 杜坤．供水管网水力模型校核与漏损定位研究[D]．重庆：重庆大学，2014.
[2] BOULOS P F,ORMSBEE L E.Explicit network calibration for multiple loading conditions[J].Civil Engineering Systems,1991,8(3):153-160．
[3] KUMAR S M,NARASIMHAN S,BHALLAMUDI S M.Parameter estimation in water distribution networks[J].Water Resources Management,2010,24(6):1251-1272．
[4] 任刚红，杜坤，和丽蓉，等．基于先验信息的供水管网阻力系数识别[J]．土木建筑与环境工程，2018,40(2):46-52．
[5] MEIRELLES G,MANZI D,BRENTAN B,et al.Calibration model for water distribution network using pressures estimated by artificial neural networks[J].Water resources management,2017,31(13):4339-4351．
[6] ORMSBEE L E.Implicit network calibration[J].Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management,1989,115(2):243-257．
[7] 杜坤．供水管网水力模型校核与漏损定位研究[D]．重庆：重庆大学，2014.
Optimised calibration of the hydraulic model of water distribution network using virtual monitors
Abstract: In the process of hydraulic model calibration of water distribution networks(WDNs),the number of monitors is usually less than the number of parameters to be calibrated,and the calibrated model parameters may not eventually reach their actual values,or lead to wrong parameters.In order to solve this practical problem,this paper estimates the pressure at non-monitoring nodes based on the data of actual monitors and uses the estimated nodes as virtual pressure monitors to increase the boundary conditions in the problem of model calibration.The application results show that the improved GRNN-PSO hybrid method not only ensures the calibration accuracy but also improves the calibration efficiency,which provides new ideas for the applications of the calibration of hydraulic model parameters of the WDNs.
Keywords: Water distribution networks; Hydraulic model; Optimized calibration; Virtual monitors; Nodal pressure forecasting;
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