室内紫外线照射杀菌技术十年研究综述
摘要：综述了近10年紫外线照射杀菌(UVGI, ultraviolet germicidal irradiation)技术的研究。基于紫外线照射微生物的经典指数衰减模型，其中包含衰减常数(k)、暴露时间(t)、辐照度(I)3个基本参数，总结了影响UVGI技术消毒效果的研究。指出了目前UVGI技术研究的需求，为研究UVGI技术在控制室内生物气溶胶方面提供参考依据，为UVGI技术在典型场合的应用提供参考。
关键词：室内环境紫外线照射杀菌辐照度空气表面生物气溶胶
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参考文献[1] 冯国会，蔡易霖，张亿先，等.飞沫气溶胶污染源特性研究现状[J].暖通空调，2018,48(7):22- 30.
[2] 李瑞彬，吴妍，牛建磊，等.人体呼出颗粒物的传播特性及呼吸道传染病感染概率预测方法[J].暖通空调，2020,50(9):41- 54.
[3] WELLS W F,FAIR G M.Viability of B.coli exposed to ultra-violet radiation in air[J].Science,1935,82:280- 281.
[4] WELLS W,WELLS M W.Air-borne infection:sanitary control[J].Journal of the American Medical Association,1936,107(22):1805- 1809.
[5] WELLS W F,WELLS M W,WILDER T S.The environmental control of epidemic contagion I[J].American journal of epidemiology,1942,35(1):97- 121.
[6] OVERHOLT R H,BETTS R H.A comparative report on infection of thoracoplasty wounds:experiences with ultraviolet irradiation of operating room air[J].Journal of thoracic surgery,1940,9(5):520- 529.
[7] DEL DEL MUNDO F É,MCKHANN C F.Effect of ultraviolet irradiation of air on incidence of infections in an infants' hospital[J].American journal of diseases of children,1941,61(2):213- 225.
[8] RILEY R L,PERMUTT S.Room air disinfection by ultraviolet irradiation of upper air[J].Archives ofenvironmental health:an international journal,1971,22(2):208- 219.
[9] RILEY R L,PERMUTT S,KAUFMAN J E.Convection,air mixing,and ultraviolet air disinfection in rooms[J].Archives ofenvironmental health:an international journal,1971,22(2):200- 207.
[10] RILEY R L,KAUFMAN J E.Air disinfection in corridors by upper air irradiation with ultraviolet[J].Archives ofenvironmental health:an international journal,1971,22(5):551- 553.
[11] KETHLEY T W,Branch K.Ultraviolet lamps for room air disinfection[J].Archives ofenvironmental health:an international journal,1972,25(3):205- 214.
[12] MPHAPHLELE M,DHARMADHIKARI A S,JENSEN P A,et al.Institutional tuberculosis transmission.Controlled trial of upper room ultraviolet air disinfection:a basis for new dosing guidelines[J].American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine,2015,192(4):477- 484.
[13] KOWALSKI W.Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation handbook:UVGI for air and surface disinfection[M].New York:Springer,2010:190- 191,239- 241.
[14] JELDEN K C,GIBBS S G,SMITH P W,et al.Comparison of hospital room surface disinfection using a novel ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) generator[J].Journal ofoccupational and environmental hygiene,2016,13(9):690- 698.
[15] BEGGS C B,AVITAL E J.Upper-room ultraviolet air disinfection might help to reduce COVID-19 transmission in buildings:a feasibility study[J].PeerJ,2020,8:e10196.
[16] 于玺华.紫外线照射消毒技术的特性及应用解析[J].暖通空调，2010,40(7):58- 62.
[17] 李建兴，高林.影响紫外线空气消毒效果的因素分析[J].制冷与空调(四川),2006(3):86- 89.
[18] ANDERSON W T.Ultraviolet air disinfection[J].Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation,1947,28(11):705- 712.
[19] BOLTON J R,COTTON C A.The ultraviolet disinfection handbook[M].Denver:American Water Works Association,2008:1- 2.
[20] RAUTH A M.The physical state of viral nucleic acid and the sensitivity of viruses to ultraviolet light[J].Biophysical journal,1965,5(3):257- 273.
[21] FIRST M W,NARDELL E A,CHAISSON W,et al.Guidelines for the application of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation for preventing transmission of airborne contagion—part I:basic principles[G]//ASHRAE.ASHRAE Transactions 1999.Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc.,1999:869- 876.
[22] NUNAYON S S,ZHANG H H,LAI A C K.A novel upper-room UVC-LED irradiation system for disinfection of indoor bioaerosols under different operating and airflow conditions[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2020,396:122715.
[23] MCDEVITT J J,RUDNICK S N,RADONOVICH L J.Aerosol susceptibility of influenza virus to UV-C light[J].Applied and environmental microbiology,2012,78(6):1666- 1669.
[24] MENETREZ M Y,FOARDE K K,DEAN T R,et al.The effectiveness of UV irradiation on vegetative bacteria and fungi surface contamination[J].Chemical engineering journal,2010,157(2/3):443- 450.
[25] YANG Y,LAI A C K,KONG R Y C,et al.Experimental and numerical study of the performance of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation with the effective Z-value of airborne bacteria[J].Aerosolscience and technology,2017,51(10):1123- 1134.
[26] YANG Y,ZHANG H,NUNAYON S S,et al.Disinfection efficacy of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation on airborne bacteria in ventilation ducts[J].Indoor air,2018,28(6):806- 817.
[27] 孔繁贞，冯建萍，魏绍振，等.紫外线对微生物消毒效果的影响因素及质控措施[J].青海畜牧兽医杂志，2017,47(2):64- 66.
[28] 彭卫红，李丽萍，刘素球，等.低温条件下紫外线照射进行空气消毒有效时间的研究[J].中华现代护理杂志，2011(22):2637- 2639.
[29] ZHANG H,JIN X,NUNAYON S S,et al.Disinfection by in-duct ultraviolet lamps under different environmental conditions in turbulent airflows[J].Indoor air,2020,30(3):500- 511.
[30] RYAN K,MCCABE K,CLEMENTS N,et al.Inactivation of airborne microorganisms using novel ultraviolet radiation sources in reflective flow-through control devices[J].Aerosol science and technology,2010,44(7):541- 550.
[31] DHARMADHIKARI A,MPHAHLELE M,VENTER K,et al.Upper room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) air disinfection on an MDR-TB ward in Sub-Saharan Africa-effects of humidity[C]//Applying Epidemiologic Findings to Improve Tuberculosis Control,2010:A5383.
[32] CUTLER T D,WANG C,HOFF S J,et al.Effect of temperature and relative humidity on ultraviolet (UV254) inactivation of airborne porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus[J].Veterinary microbiology,2012,159(1/2):47- 52.
[33] BYRNS G,BARHAM B,YANG L,et al.The uses and limitations of a hand-held germicidal ultraviolet wand for surface disinfection[J].Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene,2017,14(10):749- 757.
[34] 房小健.紫外线联合臭氧催化对室内空气动态消毒的研究[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2013:30- 31.
[35] 孙宇博.无极紫外光源对室内空气消毒的研究[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2010:29.
[36] LI J,HIROTA K,YUMOTO H,et al.Enhanced germicidal effects of pulsed UV-LED irradiation on biofilms[J].Journal of applied microbiology,2010,109(6):2183- 2190.
[37] NUNAYON S S,ZHANG H,LAI A C K.Comparison of disinfection performance of UVC-LED and conventional upper-room UVGI systems[J].Indoor air,2020,30(1):180- 191.
[38] 徐梦萱，郝魁.中央空调管道中应用紫外线消毒的研究[J].科学之友，2011(7):1- 3.
[39] ZHANG J,LEVIN R,ANGELO R,et al.A radiometry protocol for UVGI fixtures using a moving-mirror type gonioradiometer[J].Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene,2012,9(3):140- 148.
[40] WU C L,YANG Y,WONG S L,et al.A new mathematical model for irradiance field prediction of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal systems[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2011,189(1/2):173- 185.
[41] GILKESON C A,NOAKES C J,KHAN M A I.Computational fluid dynamics modelling and optimisation of an upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system in a naturally ventilated hospital ward[J].Indoor and built environment,2014,23(3):449- 466.
[42] NOAKES C J,KHAN A,GILKESON C A.Optimizing upper-room UVGI systems for infection risk and energy[C]//ASHRAE IAQ 2013:Environmental Health in Low Energy Buildings,2013:15- 18.
[43] NOAKES C J,KHAN M A I,GILKESON C A.Modeling infection risk and energy use of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation systems in multi-room environments[J].Science and technology for the built environment,2015,21(1):99- 111.
[44] SUNG M,KATO S.Estimating the germicidal effect of upper-room UVGI system on exhaled air of patients based on ventilation efficiency[J].Building and environment,2011,46(11):2326- 2332.
[45] BANG J I,PARK J,CHOI A,et al.Evaluation of UR-UVGI system for sterilization effect on microorganism contamination in negative pressure isolation ward[J].Sustainability,2018,10(9):3192.
[46] LAU J,BAHNFLETH W,MISTRICK R,et al.Ultraviolet irradiance measurement and modeling for evaluating the effectiveness of in-duct ultraviolet germicidal irradiation devices[J].HVAC&R research,2012,18(4):626- 642.
[47] YANG Y,ZHANG H,CHAN V,et al.Development and experimental validation of a mathematical model for the irradiance of in-duct ultraviolet germicidal lamps[J].Building and environment,2019,152:160- 171.
[48] LEE B,BAHNflETH W P.Effects of installation location on performance and economics of in-duct ultraviolet germicidal irradiation systems for air disinfection[J].Building and environment,2013,67:193- 201.
[49] 刘明，沈晋明，刘超.通风空调系统中紫外线辐射消毒的应用[J].暖通空调，2010,40(1):66- 70.
[50] CAPETILLO A,NOAKES C J,SLEIGH P A.Computational fluid dynamics analysis to assess performance variability of in-duct UV-C systems[J].Science and technology for the built environment,2015,21(1):45- 53.
[51] JELDEN K C,GIBBS S G,SMITH P W,et al.Ultraviolet (UV)-reflective paint with ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) improves decontamination of nosocomial bacteria on hospital room surfaces[J].Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene,2017,14(6):456- 460.
[52] RUDNICK S N,NARDELL E A.A simple method for evaluating the performance of louvered fixtures designed for upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation[J].Leukos,2017,13(2):91- 105.
[53] KANAAN M,GHADDAR N,GHALI K,et al.New airborne pathogen transport model for upper-room UVGI spaces conditioned by chilled ceiling and mixed displacement ventilation:enhancing air quality and energy performance[J].Energy conversion and management,2014,85:50- 61.
[54] GILKESON C A,NOAKES C.Application of CFD simulation to predicting upper-room UVGI effectiveness[J].Photochemistry and photobiology,2013,89(4):799- 810.
[55] KANAAN M,ABOU MOUGHLBAY A.Comparative CFD investigation of upper room UVGI efficacy with three different ventilation systems[J].International journal of applied engineering research,2018,13(21):14897- 14902.
[56] RUDNICK S N,MCDEVITT J J,HUNT G M,et al.Influence of ceiling fan's speed and direction on efficacy of upperroom,ultraviolet germicidal irradiation:experimental[J].Building and environment,2015,92:756- 763.
[57] PICHUROV G,SREBRIC J,ZHU S,et al.A validated numerical investigation of the ceiling fan's role in the upper-room UVGI efficacy[J].Building and environment,2015,86:109- 119.
[58] GILKESON C A,NOAKES C J,KHAN M A I.Computational fluid dynamics modelling and optimisation of an upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system in a naturally ventilated hospital ward[J].Indoor and built environment,2014,23(3):449- 466.
[59] ZHU S,SREBRIC J,RUDNICK S N,et al.Numerical modeling of indoor environment with a ceiling fan and an upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system[J].Building and environment,2014,72:116- 124.
[60] ZHU S,SREBRIC J,RUDNICK S N,et al.Numerical investigation of upper‐room UVGI disinfection efficacy in an environmental chamber with a ceiling fan[J].Photochemistry and photobiology,2013,89(4):782- 791.
[61] KANAAN M,GHADDAR N,GHALI K,et al.Upper room UVGI effectiveness with dispersed pathogens at different droplet sizes in spaces conditioned by chilled ceiling and mixed displacement ventilation system[J].Building and environment,2015,87:117- 128.
[2] 李瑞彬，吴妍，牛建磊，等.人体呼出颗粒物的传播特性及呼吸道传染病感染概率预测方法[J].暖通空调，2020,50(9):41- 54.
[3] WELLS W F,FAIR G M.Viability of B.coli exposed to ultra-violet radiation in air[J].Science,1935,82:280- 281.
[4] WELLS W,WELLS M W.Air-borne infection:sanitary control[J].Journal of the American Medical Association,1936,107(22):1805- 1809.
[5] WELLS W F,WELLS M W,WILDER T S.The environmental control of epidemic contagion I[J].American journal of epidemiology,1942,35(1):97- 121.
[6] OVERHOLT R H,BETTS R H.A comparative report on infection of thoracoplasty wounds:experiences with ultraviolet irradiation of operating room air[J].Journal of thoracic surgery,1940,9(5):520- 529.
[7] DEL DEL MUNDO F É,MCKHANN C F.Effect of ultraviolet irradiation of air on incidence of infections in an infants' hospital[J].American journal of diseases of children,1941,61(2):213- 225.
[8] RILEY R L,PERMUTT S.Room air disinfection by ultraviolet irradiation of upper air[J].Archives ofenvironmental health:an international journal,1971,22(2):208- 219.
[9] RILEY R L,PERMUTT S,KAUFMAN J E.Convection,air mixing,and ultraviolet air disinfection in rooms[J].Archives ofenvironmental health:an international journal,1971,22(2):200- 207.
[10] RILEY R L,KAUFMAN J E.Air disinfection in corridors by upper air irradiation with ultraviolet[J].Archives ofenvironmental health:an international journal,1971,22(5):551- 553.
[11] KETHLEY T W,Branch K.Ultraviolet lamps for room air disinfection[J].Archives ofenvironmental health:an international journal,1972,25(3):205- 214.
[12] MPHAPHLELE M,DHARMADHIKARI A S,JENSEN P A,et al.Institutional tuberculosis transmission.Controlled trial of upper room ultraviolet air disinfection:a basis for new dosing guidelines[J].American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine,2015,192(4):477- 484.
[13] KOWALSKI W.Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation handbook:UVGI for air and surface disinfection[M].New York:Springer,2010:190- 191,239- 241.
[14] JELDEN K C,GIBBS S G,SMITH P W,et al.Comparison of hospital room surface disinfection using a novel ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) generator[J].Journal ofoccupational and environmental hygiene,2016,13(9):690- 698.
[15] BEGGS C B,AVITAL E J.Upper-room ultraviolet air disinfection might help to reduce COVID-19 transmission in buildings:a feasibility study[J].PeerJ,2020,8:e10196.
[16] 于玺华.紫外线照射消毒技术的特性及应用解析[J].暖通空调，2010,40(7):58- 62.
[17] 李建兴，高林.影响紫外线空气消毒效果的因素分析[J].制冷与空调(四川),2006(3):86- 89.
[18] ANDERSON W T.Ultraviolet air disinfection[J].Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation,1947,28(11):705- 712.
[19] BOLTON J R,COTTON C A.The ultraviolet disinfection handbook[M].Denver:American Water Works Association,2008:1- 2.
[20] RAUTH A M.The physical state of viral nucleic acid and the sensitivity of viruses to ultraviolet light[J].Biophysical journal,1965,5(3):257- 273.
[21] FIRST M W,NARDELL E A,CHAISSON W,et al.Guidelines for the application of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation for preventing transmission of airborne contagion—part I:basic principles[G]//ASHRAE.ASHRAE Transactions 1999.Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc.,1999:869- 876.
[22] NUNAYON S S,ZHANG H H,LAI A C K.A novel upper-room UVC-LED irradiation system for disinfection of indoor bioaerosols under different operating and airflow conditions[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2020,396:122715.
[23] MCDEVITT J J,RUDNICK S N,RADONOVICH L J.Aerosol susceptibility of influenza virus to UV-C light[J].Applied and environmental microbiology,2012,78(6):1666- 1669.
[24] MENETREZ M Y,FOARDE K K,DEAN T R,et al.The effectiveness of UV irradiation on vegetative bacteria and fungi surface contamination[J].Chemical engineering journal,2010,157(2/3):443- 450.
[25] YANG Y,LAI A C K,KONG R Y C,et al.Experimental and numerical study of the performance of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation with the effective Z-value of airborne bacteria[J].Aerosolscience and technology,2017,51(10):1123- 1134.
[26] YANG Y,ZHANG H,NUNAYON S S,et al.Disinfection efficacy of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation on airborne bacteria in ventilation ducts[J].Indoor air,2018,28(6):806- 817.
[27] 孔繁贞，冯建萍，魏绍振，等.紫外线对微生物消毒效果的影响因素及质控措施[J].青海畜牧兽医杂志，2017,47(2):64- 66.
[28] 彭卫红，李丽萍，刘素球，等.低温条件下紫外线照射进行空气消毒有效时间的研究[J].中华现代护理杂志，2011(22):2637- 2639.
[29] ZHANG H,JIN X,NUNAYON S S,et al.Disinfection by in-duct ultraviolet lamps under different environmental conditions in turbulent airflows[J].Indoor air,2020,30(3):500- 511.
[30] RYAN K,MCCABE K,CLEMENTS N,et al.Inactivation of airborne microorganisms using novel ultraviolet radiation sources in reflective flow-through control devices[J].Aerosol science and technology,2010,44(7):541- 550.
[31] DHARMADHIKARI A,MPHAHLELE M,VENTER K,et al.Upper room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) air disinfection on an MDR-TB ward in Sub-Saharan Africa-effects of humidity[C]//Applying Epidemiologic Findings to Improve Tuberculosis Control,2010:A5383.
[32] CUTLER T D,WANG C,HOFF S J,et al.Effect of temperature and relative humidity on ultraviolet (UV254) inactivation of airborne porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus[J].Veterinary microbiology,2012,159(1/2):47- 52.
[33] BYRNS G,BARHAM B,YANG L,et al.The uses and limitations of a hand-held germicidal ultraviolet wand for surface disinfection[J].Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene,2017,14(10):749- 757.
[34] 房小健.紫外线联合臭氧催化对室内空气动态消毒的研究[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2013:30- 31.
[35] 孙宇博.无极紫外光源对室内空气消毒的研究[D].哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学，2010:29.
[36] LI J,HIROTA K,YUMOTO H,et al.Enhanced germicidal effects of pulsed UV-LED irradiation on biofilms[J].Journal of applied microbiology,2010,109(6):2183- 2190.
[37] NUNAYON S S,ZHANG H,LAI A C K.Comparison of disinfection performance of UVC-LED and conventional upper-room UVGI systems[J].Indoor air,2020,30(1):180- 191.
[38] 徐梦萱，郝魁.中央空调管道中应用紫外线消毒的研究[J].科学之友，2011(7):1- 3.
[39] ZHANG J,LEVIN R,ANGELO R,et al.A radiometry protocol for UVGI fixtures using a moving-mirror type gonioradiometer[J].Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene,2012,9(3):140- 148.
[40] WU C L,YANG Y,WONG S L,et al.A new mathematical model for irradiance field prediction of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal systems[J].Journal of hazardous materials,2011,189(1/2):173- 185.
[41] GILKESON C A,NOAKES C J,KHAN M A I.Computational fluid dynamics modelling and optimisation of an upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system in a naturally ventilated hospital ward[J].Indoor and built environment,2014,23(3):449- 466.
[42] NOAKES C J,KHAN A,GILKESON C A.Optimizing upper-room UVGI systems for infection risk and energy[C]//ASHRAE IAQ 2013:Environmental Health in Low Energy Buildings,2013:15- 18.
[43] NOAKES C J,KHAN M A I,GILKESON C A.Modeling infection risk and energy use of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation systems in multi-room environments[J].Science and technology for the built environment,2015,21(1):99- 111.
[44] SUNG M,KATO S.Estimating the germicidal effect of upper-room UVGI system on exhaled air of patients based on ventilation efficiency[J].Building and environment,2011,46(11):2326- 2332.
[45] BANG J I,PARK J,CHOI A,et al.Evaluation of UR-UVGI system for sterilization effect on microorganism contamination in negative pressure isolation ward[J].Sustainability,2018,10(9):3192.
[46] LAU J,BAHNFLETH W,MISTRICK R,et al.Ultraviolet irradiance measurement and modeling for evaluating the effectiveness of in-duct ultraviolet germicidal irradiation devices[J].HVAC&R research,2012,18(4):626- 642.
[47] YANG Y,ZHANG H,CHAN V,et al.Development and experimental validation of a mathematical model for the irradiance of in-duct ultraviolet germicidal lamps[J].Building and environment,2019,152:160- 171.
[48] LEE B,BAHNflETH W P.Effects of installation location on performance and economics of in-duct ultraviolet germicidal irradiation systems for air disinfection[J].Building and environment,2013,67:193- 201.
[49] 刘明，沈晋明，刘超.通风空调系统中紫外线辐射消毒的应用[J].暖通空调，2010,40(1):66- 70.
[50] CAPETILLO A,NOAKES C J,SLEIGH P A.Computational fluid dynamics analysis to assess performance variability of in-duct UV-C systems[J].Science and technology for the built environment,2015,21(1):45- 53.
[51] JELDEN K C,GIBBS S G,SMITH P W,et al.Ultraviolet (UV)-reflective paint with ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) improves decontamination of nosocomial bacteria on hospital room surfaces[J].Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene,2017,14(6):456- 460.
[52] RUDNICK S N,NARDELL E A.A simple method for evaluating the performance of louvered fixtures designed for upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation[J].Leukos,2017,13(2):91- 105.
[53] KANAAN M,GHADDAR N,GHALI K,et al.New airborne pathogen transport model for upper-room UVGI spaces conditioned by chilled ceiling and mixed displacement ventilation:enhancing air quality and energy performance[J].Energy conversion and management,2014,85:50- 61.
[54] GILKESON C A,NOAKES C.Application of CFD simulation to predicting upper-room UVGI effectiveness[J].Photochemistry and photobiology,2013,89(4):799- 810.
[55] KANAAN M,ABOU MOUGHLBAY A.Comparative CFD investigation of upper room UVGI efficacy with three different ventilation systems[J].International journal of applied engineering research,2018,13(21):14897- 14902.
[56] RUDNICK S N,MCDEVITT J J,HUNT G M,et al.Influence of ceiling fan's speed and direction on efficacy of upperroom,ultraviolet germicidal irradiation:experimental[J].Building and environment,2015,92:756- 763.
[57] PICHUROV G,SREBRIC J,ZHU S,et al.A validated numerical investigation of the ceiling fan's role in the upper-room UVGI efficacy[J].Building and environment,2015,86:109- 119.
[58] GILKESON C A,NOAKES C J,KHAN M A I.Computational fluid dynamics modelling and optimisation of an upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system in a naturally ventilated hospital ward[J].Indoor and built environment,2014,23(3):449- 466.
[59] ZHU S,SREBRIC J,RUDNICK S N,et al.Numerical modeling of indoor environment with a ceiling fan and an upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system[J].Building and environment,2014,72:116- 124.
[60] ZHU S,SREBRIC J,RUDNICK S N,et al.Numerical investigation of upper‐room UVGI disinfection efficacy in an environmental chamber with a ceiling fan[J].Photochemistry and photobiology,2013,89(4):782- 791.
[61] KANAAN M,GHADDAR N,GHALI K,et al.Upper room UVGI effectiveness with dispersed pathogens at different droplet sizes in spaces conditioned by chilled ceiling and mixed displacement ventilation system[J].Building and environment,2015,87:117- 128.
Research on indoor ultraviolet germicidal irradiation technology in recent ten years:A review
Abstract: This paper reviews the research of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation(UVGI) technology in recent ten years. This review is based on the classic exponential decay model of UV-irradiated microorganisms, which includes three basic parameters: the decay constant(k), exposure time(t) and irradiance(I), to summarize the research that affects the disinfection effect of UVGI technology. This article points out the current research needs of UVGI technology through a review, to provide references for the study of UVGI technology in controlling indoor bioaerosols and the application of UVGI technology in typical situations.
Keywords: indoor environment; ultraviolet germicidal irradiation; irradiance; air; surface; bioaerosol;
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