适用亚热带季风及莽原气候的超高效空调器设计
摘要：据IEA预计，到2050年全球房间空调器的使用量将在目前的基础上增加3倍，而(亚)热带地区将是空调器保有量快速增长的最主要地区。因此，探寻适用于该气候区的极低气候影响(运行电耗及制冷剂影响)空调器的创新方案对应对全球空调制冷需求增长导致的环境问题加剧具有重要意义。本文提出了超高效空调器的设计理念，并根据新德里气象条件，结合技术指标及可靠性、适用性及经济性要求，设计、研发了集成蒸发冷却新风及太阳能的超高效空调器，优化了蒸气压缩系统形式、压缩机缸体容积比、换热器面积比。空调器的模拟仿真分析显示该方案将气候影响降低83.2%。基于模拟结果研发出空调器样机，进行了制冷季能效比测试、典型气象日实验室测试及实际应用效果测试，结果表明，设计研发的样机性能达到了预期效果。
关键词：蒸发冷却自然能源超高效空调器模拟热带季风气候莽原气候
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[12] 江亿，胡姗.中国建筑部门实现碳中和的路径[J].暖通空调，2021,51(5):1- 13.
Design of ultra-efficient air conditioners for (sub) tropical monsoon and savanna climate zones
Abstract: According to the estimation of IEA, the use of room air conditioners will increase by 3 times on the current basis by 2050, while the(sub) tropical area will be the most rapid growth of air conditioners. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore innovative solutions for air conditioners with extremely low climate impact(considering operating power consumption and refrigerant impact) to aggravate the environmental problems caused by the growth of global cooling demand. This paper puts forward the design concept and system scheme of the ultra-efficient air conditioners. Combined with the technical indices, reliability, applicability, and economic requirements, the ultra-efficient air conditioner integrated with evaporative cooling outdoor air and solar energy is designed and developed according to the New Delhi weather condition. The system pattern, volume ratio of compressor cylinder, and area of the heat exchanger are optimized. Through the simulation model of the air conditioner, the calculated climate impact is reduced by 83.2%. The prototype of the ultra-efficient air conditioner is developed and manufactured. The results show that the prototype has reached the goal of climate impact reduction through the cooling seasonal performance factor test, the typical-day simulation laboratory test, and field test.
Keywords: evaporative cooling; natural energy; ultra-efficient air conditioner; simulation; tropical monsoon climate; savanna climate;
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