不同气候区居住建筑机械通风热回收性能评估
摘要：采用EnergyPlus软件建立了不同气候区使用机械通风的住宅模型，通过实验测试验证了通风量和能耗模拟的准确性。模拟了不同额定热回收效率下无热回收、显热回收、全热回收的全年空调能耗及其运行费用，分析了不同热回收效率下的节能效果及采用热回收装置的回收期。研究发现：严寒、寒冷地区采用显热、全热回收均能降低20%左右的能耗，夏热冬冷地区和夏热冬暖地区显热回收无效果，温和地区不管采用何种热回收形式均无效果；基于当前热回收设备的初投资价格，5个气候区居住建筑采用机械通风热回收装置的初投资回收期均在15 a以上，从经济角度考虑不可行。
关键词：机械通风热回收气候区居住建筑能耗运行费用节能率初投资回收期
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[3] LAVERGE J,BOSSCHE N V D,HEIJMANS N,et al.Energy saving potential and repercussions on indoor air quality of demand controlled residential ventilation strategies[J].Building and environment,2011,46(7):1497- 1503.
[4] 张荣荣，周亚素.空调系统中全热回收设备的节能分析[J].建筑热能通风空调，2000,19(4):22- 24.
[5] FOUIH Y E,STABAT P,RIVIÈRE P,et al.Adequacy of air-to-air heat recovery ventilation system applied in low energy buildings[J].Energy and buildings,2012,54(6):29- 39.
[6] ZHANG L Z,JIANG Y.Heat and mass transfer in a membrane-based energy recovery ventilator[J].Journal of membrane science,1999,163:29- 38.
[7] YAÏCI W,GHORAB M,ENTCHEV E.Numerical analysis of heat and energy recovery ventilators performance based on CFD for detailed design[J].Applied thermal engineering,2013,51:770- 780.
[8] ZHOU Y P,WU J Y,WANGR Z,et al.Simulation and experimental validation of the variable-refrigerant-volume (VRV) air-conditioning system in EnergyPlus[J].Energy and buildings,2008,40(6):1041- 1047.
[9] 刘宇宁，李永振.不同地区采用排风热回收装置的节能效果和经济性探讨[J].暖通空调，2008,38(9):15- 19.
[10] 李宏，连慧亮，李靖.热回收系统的经济性及应用[J].制冷与空调(四川),2010,24(5):97- 100.
[11] 王昭俊，易伶俐，高甫生.哈尔滨地区办公建筑夜间机械通风能耗及室内热环境分析[J].暖通空调，2009,39(1):43- 48.
[12] 陈灿，张少凡，张建忠.排风热回收技术在夏热冬冷地区居住建筑中的应用研究[J].暖通空调，2012,42(3):55- 59.
[13] 中国标准化研究院，珠海格力电器股份有限公司，广东美的制冷设备有限公司，等.房间空气调节器能效限定值及能效等级：GB 21455—2019[S].北京：中国标准出版社，2019:2.
[14] 中国建筑科学研究院，北京工业大学，青岛海尔空调有限公司.公共建筑节能设计标准：GB 50189—2005[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2005:15.
[15] ZHANG T,SU Z,WANG J,et al.Ventilation,indoor particle filtration,and energy consumption of an apartment in northern China[J].Building and environment,2018,143:280- 292.
Performance evaluation of heat recovery in mechanical ventilation of residential buildings in different climate zones
Abstract: This paper adopts EnergyPlus software to establish a typical residential model with mechanical ventilation in different climate zones of China, and the accuracy of ventilation and energy consumption simulation is verified by experimental tests. The annual energy consumption and operating cost of the air conditioning system without heat recovery, sensible heat recovery and total heat recovery under different rated heat recovery efficiencies are simulated, and the energy saving effect under different heat recovery efficiencies and the payback periods of heat recovery facilities are analysed. It is found that the sensible heat recovery and total heat recovery in the severe cold and cold zones can reduce energy consumption by about 20%, sensible heat recovery in the hot summer and cold winter zone and the hot summer and warm winter zone has no effect, and no heat recovery method works in the mild zone. Based on the current initial investment of the household heat recovery facilities, the payback periods of heat recovery facilities for residential buildings in the five climate zones is all more than 15 years, which is not economically acceptable.
Keywords: mechanical ventilation; heat recovery; climate zone; residential building; energy consumption; operating cost; energy saving rate; payback period of initial investment;
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