路面行泄通道在发达国家的实践及对我国的启示
摘要：在极端天气频发、城市化进程加速的今天，道路路面作为行泄通道排放超出管网承载能力雨水，在排涝除险中起到极为关键的作用。总结了发达国家及地区关于道路路面作为行泄通道在设计思路、设计标准、设计方法、设计要点等方面的内容，提出应首先重构道路雨水排放系统框架，面向道路雨水排放需求优化竖向规划，并对发生超出管网承载能力降雨时道路作为行泄通道的设计标准、设计方法及相关要点开展深入研究，在实际工程设计中遵循新区规划引领、旧区问题导向的原则；此外，建议道路工程相关的规范性文件充分融入雨水排放的需求。
关键词：路面行泄通道发达国家管网承载能力排放需求
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[2] 李俊奇，王耀堂，王文亮，等.城市道路用于大排水系统的规划设计方法与案例[J].给水排水，2017,43(4):18-24.
[3] 程小文，凌云飞，贾玲玉，等.城市大排水系统的规划方法与案例实践[J].给水排水，2019,45（增）：60-63.
[4] CIRIA.Designing for exceedance in urban drainage-good practice[M].London:CIRIA,2006.
[5] Ameirican Society of Civil Engineers.Standard Guidelines for the Design of Urban Stormwater System[M].Reston:Ameirican Society of Civil Engineers,2006.
[6] City of Colorado Springs.Drainage Criteria Manual,Volume1[M].City of Colorado Springs,2014.
[7] Urban Drainage and Flood Control District.Urban Strom Drainage Criteria Manual:Volume 1 Management,Hydrology,and Hydraulics[M].Denver:UDFCD,2016.
[8] 王虹，程晓陶，丁留谦.美国大型城市道路与下凹桥排水标准及其对我国的启示[J].公路，2015,(4):50-53.
[9] U.S.Department of Transportation.Urban Drainage Design Manual[M].Washington,D.C.:FHWA.2009.
[10] AUSTROADS.Guide to Road Design Part 5:Drainage-General and Hydrology Considerations[M].Sydney:Austroads Ltd,2013.
[11] AUSTROADS.Guide to Road Design Part 5A:DrainageRoad Surface,Networks,Basin and Subsurface[M].Sydney:Austroads Ltd,2013.
[12] BS EN 752:2017Drain and sewer systems outside buildingssewer system management[S].
[13] CIRIA.Managing urban flooding from heavy rainfall-encouraging the uptake of designing for exceedance,Case stydies[M].London:CIRIA,2014.
[14] T.F.Fwa.The handbook of highway engineering[M].Boca Raton:Taylor&Francis,2006.
[15] CJJ 83-2016城乡建设用地竖向规划规范[S].
[16] GB 51222-2017城镇内涝防治技术规范[S].
[17] 李贞子，车伍，赵杨.我国古代城镇道路大排水系统分析及对现代的启示[J].中国给水排水，2015,31(10):1-7.
[18] 吕恒，倪广恒，曹雪健，等.道路在城市排涝中的作用及影响因素定量评价[J].清华大学学报，2018,58(10):906-913.
[19] 王召森.海绵城市建设中道路工程规划设计变革探索[J].城市交通，2017,15(6):13-19.
[20] CJJ 37-2012城市道路工程设计规范[S].
The practice and enlightenment of excess stormwater pathway in developed countries
Abstract: Nowadays,with the frequent occurrence of extreme weather and the acceleration of urbanization,a road serving as the excess stormwater pathway to convey and discharge excess stormwater,plays a key role in urban flooding prevention.In this paper,the design ideas,design frequency,design methods and design points of excess stormwater pathway in developed countries and regions were summarized.Based on these,some arguments were proposed.The framework of road stormwater drainage system should be reconstructed;the vertical planning should be optimized to meet the demands of road stormwater drainage;the design frequency,design method and related key points of excess stormwater pathway should be deeply studied;and the principles of“planning guidance”in new areas and “problem guidance”in old areas should be followed in the engineering design work.In addition,it is suggested that the relevant specifications of road engineering should be fully integrated into the demands of stormwater drainage.
Keywords: Excess stormwater pathway; Developed countries; Pipe network carrying capacity; Emission demand;
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