实现低出水浊度常规处理工艺探讨
摘要：浊度是自来水厂的重要水质指标之一，降低浊度能大幅减少致病菌和“两虫”的危害，出水浊度≤0.1NTU已成为各国水厂努力追求的控制目标。通过对国内外工程案例的总结，从精细化设计原水水质、加药及混凝沉淀、滤料粒径与级配和滤速等因素以及优化运行管理水平等方面进行了探讨。每个处理阶段和处理单元应尽量优化配置，最大限度地提高净化水质，采用常规水处理工艺能稳定达到出水浊度小于0.1NTU的目标。
关键词：常规处理0.1NTU水质标准
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参考文献参考文献
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[1] MANN A G,TAM C C,HIGGINS C D,et al.The association between drinking water turbidity and gastrointestinal illness:a systematic review[J].BMC Public Health,2007,7(1):256-263.
[2] TINKER S C,MOE C L,KLEIN M,et al.Drinking water turbidity and emergency department visits for gastrointestinal illness in Atlanta,1993-2004[J].Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology,2010,20(1):19-28.
[3] BEAUDEAU P,SCHWARTZ J,LEVIN R.Drinking water quality and hospital admissions of elderly people for gastrointestinal illness in Eastern Massachusetts,1998-2008[J].Water Research,2014(52):188-198.
[4] BEAUDEAU P.A systematic review of the time series studies addressing the endemic risk of acute gastroenteritis according to drinking water operation conditions in urban areas of developed countries[J].International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,2018,15(5):867-892.
[5] BATCH L F,SCHULZ C R,LINDEN K G.Evaluating water quality effects on UV disinfection of MS2coliphage[J].Journal American Water Works Association,2004,96(7):75-87.
[6] PASSANTINO L,MALLEY J,KNUDSON M,et al.Effect of low turbidity and algae on UV disinfection performance[J].Journal American Water Works Association,2004,96(6):128-137.
[7] DUGAN N R,FOX K R,OWENS J H,et al.Controlling Cryptosporidium oocysts using conventional treatment[J].Journal American Water Works Association,2001,93(12):64-76.
[8] GREG M G.Filter Assessment Manual(Third Edition)[M].Drinking Water&Recreational Waters Compliance Section Compliance Assurance Division Bureau of Water,2003.
[9] Guidelines for Canadian drinking water quality:guideline technical document-turbidity[R].Ottawa,Ontario:Water,Air and Climate Change Bureau,Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch,Health Canada,2012.
[10] 郁振标，袁宵，陈清.超滤膜技术在南通狼山水厂升级改造中的应用[J].膜科学与技术，2021,40(1):112-115.
[11] 方强.十年回顾：浙江省现代化水厂的创建与发展[J].净水技术，2019,38(3):1-4,94.
[12] 陈如勇，李冬水，朱杰，等.净水厂水质在线检测仪表误差控制与管理探讨[J].给水排水，2015,41(4):87-90.
[13] 马卫东.武汉市供水厂执行0.1NTU出水浊度的可行性研究[J].中国给水排水，2016,32(23):50-57.
[14] YU M J,CHO H M,KOO J Y,et al.Modifications of unit processes for finished water quality improvement at the Kueui water treatment plant in Seoul[J].Water Science and Technology:Water Supply,2002,12(5-6):193-199.
[15] 王全勇，彭锦玉，KODI W，等.中美给水常规工艺对比分析[J].中国给水排水，2018,34(24):8-13.
[16] 彭进湖，何孙胃，陈丽珠，等.细砂滤料的过滤性能及运行效果[J].中国给水排水，2021,37(1):40-45.
[17] MCGIVNEY W,KAWAMURA S.Cost Estimating Manual for Water Treatment Facilities[R].John Wiley&Sons,Inc.:Hoboken,NJ,USA,2008.
[18] 金星，谢翔，刘晨.影响V型滤池出水浊度的原因分析及技术改造浅谈[J].供水技术，2017（增刊）：116-119.
[19] Amirtharajah A.Some theoretical and conceptual views of filtration[J].Journal American Water Works Association,1988,80(12):36-46.
[20] LOGSDON G,HESS A,MOORMAN P,et al.Turbidity Monitoring and Compliance for the Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule[C].National AWWA Conference,Denver,CO,2000.
[21] RATNAYAKA D D,BRANDT M J,JOHNSON K M.Twort’s Water Supply,6th ed[M].ButterworthHeinemann:Oxford,MA,USA,2009.
[22] CASTRO K,AHMED R.Operational Control of Coagulation and Filtration Processes-Manual of Water Supply Practices,M37,3rd ed[M].American Water Works Association(AW-WA):Denve,CO,USA,2011.
[23] 吕靖，王倩，陈志平.南京城北水厂V型滤池优化运行实践[J].中国给水排水，2013,29(18):68-71.
Discussion on reducing effluent turbidity of conventional treatment process
Abstract: Turbidity is one of the important water quality indicators of drinking water treatment plant.Low turbidity water can greatly reduce the harm of pathogenic bacteria,Giardia and Cryptosporidium.Effluent turbidity under 0.1 NTU has become the control goal of water plant in various countries.Based on the summary of engineering cases in domestic and foreign,this paper discussed the exquisite design factors such as raw water,dosing and coagulation sedimentation,particle size and gradation of filter material,filtration rate,as well as the optimization of operation and management level.Each treatment stage and treatment unit should be optimized as far as possible,so as to maximize the quality of water.Using the conventional water treatment process,the effluent turbidity can be less than 0.1 NTU.
Keywords: Conventional water treatment process; 0.1 NTU; Water quality standard;
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