高原建筑富氧环境对短期进藏人员氧状态的改善效果研究
摘要：青藏高原常年低压缺氧，对建藏援藏外来人员的生理健康及舒适水平造成严重威胁。本文采用主观调查与客观生理参数测试相结合的方法，研究了高原建筑室内氧环境对人体氧状态的定量影响。结果表明：当人体处于缺氧状态时，环境氧浓度与平均动脉压和心率负相关，与血氧饱和度正相关，提高环境氧浓度可弱化血氧饱和度个体差异；人体大脑状态、头部感觉、植物神经功能状态和感官状态四类症状可作为反映人体氧状态的有效评价指标；各类症状对氧环境的舒适需求并不同步，环境氧气体积分数为24.97%时，进藏人员氧感觉改善率在56.04%～84.13%范围内。
关键词：高海拔地区富氧环境进藏人员人体氧状态评价指标
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[4] 戴霄晔，王铮，刘涛.我国高原健康环境评估[J].山地学报，2006,24(3):312- 319.
[5] ROACH R C,HACKETT P H,OELZ O,et al.The 2018 Lake Louise acute mountain sickness score[J].High altitude medicine & biology,2018,19(1):4- 6.
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[11] GERARD A B,MCELROY M K,TAYLOR M J,et al.Six percent oxygen enrichment of room air at simulated 5 000 m altitude improves neuropsychological function[J].High altitude medicine & biology,2000,1(1):51- 61.
[12] 张西洲，崔建华，张建林，等.海拔5 380m青年官兵富氧前后PWC170观察[J].解放军预防医学杂志，2003,21(4):298.
[13] 空军航空医学研究所，中国标准化研究院，北京科技大学，等.高原地区室内空间弥散供氧(氧调)要求：GB/T 35414—2017[S].北京：[出版者不详],2017:2.
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Improving effect of plateau oxygen-enriched building environment on oxygen state of short-term Tibet sojourners
Abstract: The perennial low-pressure and hypoxia in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau poses a serious threat to the physical health and comfort level of sojourners who build and assist Tibet. In this paper, the quantitative influence of the indoor oxygen environment on human oxygen state in plateau buildings is studied by combining subjective investigation and objective physiological parameter testing. The results show that when the human body is in a hypoxia state, the ambient oxygen concentration is negatively correlated with average arterial pressure and heart rate, and positively correlated with blood oxygen saturation. Increasing ambient oxygen concentration can weaken individual differences in blood oxygen saturation. The four types of symptoms of human brain state, head sensation, autonomic nerve function state and sensory state can be used as effective evaluation indicators to reflect the human oxygen state. The comfort needs of symptoms for oxygen environment are not synchronized. When the ambient oxygen volume fraction is 24.97%, the oxygen sensation improvement rate is 56.04% to 84.13%.
Keywords: high altitude area; oxygen-enriched environment; Tibet sojourner; human oxygen state; evaluation indicator;
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