偏冷环境下不同身体质量指数人群热舒适对比研究
摘要：传统的热舒适标准未考虑我国持续增长的超重或肥胖人群对热舒适的需求，这可能对人体舒适度和建筑节能产生重要影响。本文探讨了不同身体质量指数(BMI)人群在偏冷环境下的主观反应和生理反应的差异。结果显示：高BMI人群的平均皮肤温度显著低于低BMI人群，且随着温度的下降而下降；在偏冷环境下，高BMI人群的代谢率比低BMI人群低，尽管没有显著性差异，但会导致比低BMI人群具有更高的热不满意百分比；在预测热感觉时需要对不同BMI人群分别进行预测。
关键词：偏冷环境身体质量指数热舒适热感觉主观反应生理反应
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[2] FANGER P O.Thermal comfort:analysis and applications in environmental engineering[M].Copenhagen:Danish Technical Press,1972:225- 240.
[3] DE DEAR R,BRAGER G S.Developing an adaptive model of thermal comfort and preference[G]//ASHRAE.ASHRAE transaction 1998:part 1.Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc.,1998:73- 81.
[4] HUMPHREYS M A,NICOL J F.The validity of ISO-PMV for predicting comfort votes in every-day thermal environments[J].Energy and buildings,2002,34(6):667- 684.
[5] LIPCZYŃSKA A,MISHRA A,SCHIAVON S.Experimental evaluation of the effect of body mass on thermal comfort perception[EB/OL].[2022-10-01].https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344539940_Experimental_evaluation_of_the_effect_of_body_mass_on_thermal_comfort_perception.
[6] DALY M.Association of ambient indoor temperature with body mass index in England[J].Obesity,2014(22):626- 629.
[7] RUPP R F,KIM J,DE DEAR R,et al.Associations of occupant demographics,thermal history and obesity variables with their thermal comfort in air-conditioned and mixed-mode ventilation office buildings[J].Building and environment,2018,135:1- 9.
[8] YAO Y,LIAN Z W,LIU W W,et al.Experimental study on skin temperature and thermal comfort of the human body in a recumbent posture under uniform thermal environments[J].Indoor and built environment,2007,16(6):505- 518.
[9] BENZINGER T H.Heat regulation:homeostasis of central temperature in man[J].Physiological reviews,1969,49(4):671- 759.
[10] CHUDECKA M,LUBKOWSKA A,KEMPIN'SKA−PODHORODECKAA,ΚEΜΡΙΝ'SΚA-ΡΟDΗΟRΟDECΚA A.Body surface temperature distribution in relation to body composition in obese women[J].Journal of thermal biology,2014,43:1- 6.
[11] SALAMUNES A C C,STADNIK A M W,NEVES E B.The effect of body fat percentage and body fat distribution on skin surface temperature with infrared thermography[J].Journal of thermal biology,2017,66:1- 9.
[12] 李毓萍，于晓红，卜凡，等.成都地区不同BMI健康男性的能量代谢研究[J].现代预防医学，2022,49(9):1582- 1589.
[13] 国务院新闻办公室.中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2020年)[EB/OL].[2022-10-01].http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-12/24/content_5572983.html.
[14] ISO.Ergonomics of the thermal environment:analytical determination and interpretation of thermal comfort using calculation of the PMV and PPD indices and local thermal comfort criteria:ISO 7730:2005[S].Geneva:IOS,2005:8- 10.
[15] ISO.Ergonomics of the thermal environment:instruments for measuring physical quantities:ISO 7726:2001[S].Geneva:ISO,2001:5- 51.
[16] ISO.Ergonomics of the thermal environment:determination of metabolic rate:ISO 8996:2021[S].Geneva:ISO,2021:8- 14.
[17] RAMANATHAN N L.A new weighting system for mean surface temperature of the human body[J].Journal of applied physiology,1964,19:531- 533.
[18] GAGGE A P,FOBELETS A P,BERGLUND L G.A standard predictive index of human response to the thermal environment[G]//ASHRAE.ASHRAE transaction 1986:part 2.Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc.,1986:709- 731.
[19] LIU H,TAN Q,LI B Z,et al.Impact of cold indoor thermal environmental conditions on human thermal response[J].Journal of Central South University of Technology,2011,18(4):1285- 1292.
[20] 魏润柏.人体与环境热交换计算方法[J].人类工效学，1995(2):39- 42.
Comparative study on thermal comfort of people with different body mass index in colder environment
Abstract: The traditional thermal comfort standards do not consider the demand for thermal comfort of the growing overweight or obese population in China, which may have an important impact on human comfort and building energy saving. This paper investigates the differences in subjective and physiological responses of people with different body mass index(BMI) in the colder environment. The results show that the average skin temperature of people with high BMI is significantly lower than that of people with low BMI, and decreases with the decrease of temperature. The metabolic rate of people with high BMI is lower than that of people with low BMI in the colder environment, although there is no significant difference, it would lead to a higher percentage of thermal dissatisfaction than people with low BMI. When predicting thermal sensation, it is necessary to predict the thermal sensation of different BMI people, respectively.
Keywords: colder environment; body mass index(BMI); thermal comfort; thermal sensation; subjective response; physiological response;
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