住宅室内温湿度及颗粒物浓度对降尘中PAEs浓度分布的耦合影响
摘要：深入了解室内邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)化合物浓度分布及其影响因素对污染控制具有重要意义。本研究对266户上海住宅进行了室内降尘采集，对PAEs的种类及含量进行了测试分析，采用逻辑回归方法分析了室内温度、湿度和颗粒物浓度与3种典型PAEs浓度分布的关联性，揭示了环境参数对PAEs浓度分布的相乘交互作用和影响。结果显示：温度与邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)呈显著负相关性，湿度与邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DiBP)呈显著负相关性；将温度、颗粒物浓度作为混淆因素调整后，湿度和DEHP呈显著正相关性；在低温和低湿度条件下，颗粒物浓度与DEHP、高分子量PAEs(HMW-PAEs)、总PAEs(TPAEs)的浓度呈显著负相关性；温度和颗粒物浓度对DEHP浓度分布存在正向相乘交互作用。因此，室内温度、湿度和颗粒物浓度均在不同程度上影响PAEs浓度分布，PAEs浓度的变化是由多个影响因素共同作用引起的。
关键词：室内环境邻苯二甲酸酯PAEs)降尘温度湿度颗粒物浓度相乘交互作用污染控制
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[2] 张静，陈会明.邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的危害及监管现状[J].现代化工，2011,31(12):1- 6.
[3] 杨悠悠，谢云峰，田菲菲，等.常见食品中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂含量及食品包装材料中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂迁移量的测定[J].色谱，2013,31(7):674- 678.
[4] 王小逸，林兴桃，客慧明，等.北京地区家庭中邻苯二甲酸酯类环境污染物的调查[J].环境与健康杂志，2007(10):820- 821.
[5] 鲍佳沁.食品化妆品中邻苯二甲酸酯类累积风险评估研究[D].上海：上海海洋大学，2015:29- 40.
[6] 李桂香，郎茜，浦亚清.邻苯二甲酸酯类的危害及其降解途径的研究进展[J].中国民族民间医药，2016,25(3):39- 40,42.
[7] 卓思华.大学生室内环境空气相邻苯二甲酸酯暴露研究[D].北京：北京建筑大学，2019:20- 36.
[8] WORMUTH M,SCHERINGER M,VOLLENWEIDER M,et al.What are the sources of exposure to eight frequently used phthalic acid esters in Europeans?[J].Risk analysis,2006,26:803- 824.
[9] ZHEN Z,YIN Y,CHEN K,et al.Phthalate esters in atmospheric PM2.5 at Mount Tai,north China plain:concentrations and sources in the background and urban area[J].Atmospheric environment,2019,213:505- 514.
[10] 霍春岩，刘丽艳，马万里，等.室内灰尘中PAEs污染特征及暴露评价[J].黑龙江大学自然科学学报，2016,33(5):664- 670.
[11] 张庆男.住宅建筑室内邻苯二甲酸酯暴露与健康效应的研究[D].天津：天津大学，2017:21- 25.
[12] 乔雅绮，黄立辉.住宅室内降尘中邻苯二甲酸酯的污染特征及传输途径[J].环境化学，2020,39(6):1523- 1529.
[13] 王肖红.大气颗粒物PM2.5中15种邻苯二甲酸酯类检测方法的研究[D].北京：中国疾病预防控制中心，2015:9- 18.
[14] 王夫美，陈丽，焦姣，等.冬季天津家庭室内空气颗粒物中邻苯二甲酸酯污染研究[J].环境科学，2012,33(5):1446- 1451.
[15] 赵振华，全文熠，田德海.焦炉大气中不同粒径颗粒物上酞酸酯的分布[J].环境化学，1986(3):63- 67.
[16] KNOL M J,VAN DER TWEEL I,GROBBEE D E,et al.Estimating interaction on an additive scale between continuous determinants in a logistic regression model[J].International journal of epidemiology,2007,36:1111- 1118.
[17] KNOL M J,VANDERWEELE T J,GROENWOLD R H,et al.Estimating measures of interaction on an additive scale for preventive exposures[J].European journal of epidemiology,2011,26:433- 438.
[18] 邱宏，余德新，谢立亚，等.Logistic回归模型中连续变量交互作用的分析[J].中华流行病学杂志，2010(7):812- 814.
[19] 桂祖桐.邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂对健康和环境影响的评估及其对消费量的影响[J].塑料助剂，2006(3):39- 42.
[20] 陈荣圻.邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂对人类健康的危害性[J].印染助剂，2016,33(2):1- 7.
[21] 王晓南，张瑜，王婉华，等.邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(DEHP)污染及其毒性研究进展[J].生态毒理学报，2017,12(3):135- 150.
[22] WESCHLER C,NAZAROFF W.Semivolatile organic compounds in indoor environments[J].Atmospheric environment,2008,42:9018- 9040.
[23] FUJII M,SHINOHARA N,LIM A,et al.A study on emission of phthalate esters from plastic materials using a passive flux sampler[J].Atmospheric environment,2003,37:5495- 5504.
[24] PEI J,SUN Y,YIN Y.The effect of air change rate and temperature on phthalate concentration in house dust[J].Science of the total environment,2018,639:760- 768.
[25] SUN C,LI K,ZHANG J,et al.Prediction of phthalates concentration in household dust based on back propagation neural network[J].Indoor and built environment,2021,31(1):1420326X2110102.
[26] 马宁，支媛，徐海滨.邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯对雄性小鼠空间学习记忆行为的影响[J].中国食品卫生杂志，2010,22(4):300- 305.
[27] 李亚华.石河子市住宅中PAEs的污染特征及婴幼儿健康风险评估[D].石河子：石河子大学，2019:25- 34.
[28] HIPPELEIN M,MCLACHLAN M S.Soil/air partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds.2.influence of temperature and relative humidity[J].Environmental science and technology,2000,34:3521- 3526.
[29] DAVIE-MARTIN C L,HAGEMAN K J,CHIN Y P,et al.Influence of temperature,relative humidity,and soil properties on the soil-air partitioning of semivolatile pesticides:laboratory measurements and predictive models[J].Environmental science and technology,2015,49:10431- 10439.
[30] 乔江河.呼包鄂地区大气颗粒物时空变化影响因素研究[D].呼和浩特：内蒙古师范大学，2021:30- 39.
[31] 项佳娥，徐丽华，张方方，等.杭州城区PM2.5和PM10污染特征及其影响因子分析[J].中国环境监测，2016,32(6):36- 42.
[32] 张克磊.乌鲁木齐市PM2.5的时空格局及其变化特征[D].乌鲁木齐：新疆农业大学，2014:35- 39.
[33] 周庆华，陈怡梅，陈金媛.杭州市PM2.5中PAHs和PAEs气固分布特征及其安全风险研究[J].浙江工业大学学报，2019,47(4):462- 468.
[34] 赵岏.上海市高校教室内邻苯二甲酸酯暴露研究[J].上海节能，2019(9):763- 772.
[35] CLAUSEN P A,XU Y,KOFOED-SÔRENSEN V,et al.The influence of humidity on the emission of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) from vinyl flooring in the emission cell “FLEC”[J].Atmospheric environment,2007,41(15):3217- 3224.
[36] GOSS K U,BUSCHMANN J,SCHWARZENBACH R P.Adsorption of organic vapors to air-dry soils:model predictions and experimental validation[J].Environmental science and technology,2004,38:3667- 3673.
Combined effects of indoor temperature, humidity and particulate concentration on PAEs concentration distribution in dustfall
Abstract: It is of great significance to understand the concentration distribution of indoor phthalate acid esters(PAEs) compounds and their influencing factors for pollution control. In this study, indoor dust samples are collected from 266 residential buildings in Shanghai, and the types and contents of PAEs are tested and analysed. The correlations between indoor temperature, humidity, particulate concentration and the concentration distribution of three typical PAEs are analysed by the logistic regression method. The multiplicative interaction between environmental parameters and PAEs concentration distribution and their influences are revealed. The results show that there is a significant negative correlation between temperature and Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP), and a significant negative correlation between humidity and diisobutyl phthalate(DiBP). After adjusting temperature and particle concentration as confusion factors, there is a significant positive correlation between humidity and DEHP. In the environment with low temperature and low humidity, there is a significant negative correlation between particulate concentration and DEHP, high molecular weight PAEs(HMW-PAEs) and total PAEs(TPAEs). Temperature and particulate concentration have positive multiple interactions on DEHP concentration distribution. Therefore, indoor temperature, humidity and particulate concentration all affect the PAEs concentration distribution in varying degrees, and the change in PAEs concentration is caused by the combined effect of multiple factors.
Keywords: indoor environment; phthalate acid esters(PAEs); dustfall; temperature; humidity; particulate concentration; multiplicative interaction; pollution control;
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