数据中心机房运行时空调设备电能利用效率评价
摘要：为了评价不同气候区域数据中心空调设备的电能利用效率, 依据ASHRAE不同区域气象分区, 确定了不同城市的暖通空调负载系数 (MLC) 最大设计值。以上海地区为例, 选取3个典型数据中心机房进行现场能耗测量, 计算得到运行维护阶段的MLC, 并与MLC最大设计值进行比较, 以此评价运行维护阶段的空调设备电能利用效率是否满足设计时的最低要求。MLC最大设计值可以作为衡量数据中心空调设备电能利用效率的标尺, 指导数据中心合理的运行维护及节能改造。
关键词：数据中心机房 空调 电能利用效率 暖通空调负载系数 最大设计值 气象分区
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[2]田浩, 李延春, 曹小涛.基于芯片水冷和重力热管技术的数据中心冷却方法研究[J].暖通空调, 2016, 46 (12) :109-115
[3]KOUTITAS G, DEMESTICHAS P.Challenges for energy efficiency in local and regional data centers[J].Journal of Green Engineering, 2010, 1 (1) :1-32
[4]ASHRAE.Energy standard for data centers:ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 90.4-2016[S].Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc, 2016:7-9
[5]殷平.数据中心研究 (3) :标准分析比较[J].暖通空调, 2017, 47 (1) :11-19
[6]The Green Grid.Green grid metrics:describing data center power efficiency, technical committee white paper[EB/OL]. (2007-02-20) [2017-02-05].http:∥www.thegreengrid.org/
[7]云计算发展与政策论坛委员会.数据中心能效测评指南[C]∥云计算发展与政策论坛技术报告, 2012:7-8
[8]SHEHABI A, SMITH S, HORNER N, et al.United States data center energy usage report[R].California:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2016:21-24
[9]DARROW K, HEDMAN B A.Opportunities for combined heat and power in data centers[M].Arlington:Inner City Fund (ICF) International, 2009:33-55
[10]LEE K P, CHEN H L.Analysis of energy saving potential of air-side free cooling for data centers in worldwide climate zones[J].Energy and Buildings, 2013, 64:103-112
[11]ASHRAE.Climatic data for building design standards:ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 169-2013[S].Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc, 2013:182-183
[12]STACKHOUSE J R P W, CHANDLER W S, HOELL J M, et al.An assessment of actual and potential building climate zone change and variability from the last 30years through 2100using NASAs MERRA and CMIP5 simulations[C]∥2015International Conference for Energy and Climate for the Energy Industry (ICEM 2015) , 2015:4-5
[13]ASHRAE.Energy standard for buildings except low-rise residential buildings:ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2013[S].Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc, 2013:225-233
[14]中国气象局气象信息中心气象资料室, 清华大学建筑技术科学系.中国建筑热环境分析专用气象数据集[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2005:51-57
[15]上海市气象信息传媒中心.了解上海市气候特征爱护城市环境[EB/OL]. (2011-03-21) .http:∥www.soweather.com/html/94b92e93-cbce-4679-a7aa-87e556e3d8b7/infodetail/e4f14a09-da5e-40bd-9756-4c5f77003455.html
[16]RICHARD B.Report to congress on server and data center energy efficiency:Public law 109-431[R].California:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2008:21-22
[17]CHO J, KIM B S.Evaluation of air management systems thermal performance for superior cooling efficiency in high-density data centers[J].Energy and Buildings, 2011, 43 (9) :2145-2155
[18]黄庆河, 曹连华, 邱靖国, 等.基于零方程湍流模型大空间数据机房气流组织数值模拟[J].暖通空调, 2016, 46 (1) :73-78
[19]中国建筑科学研究院.民用建筑供暖通风与空气调节设计规范:GB 50736—2012[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2012:56-59
[20]ZHANG H, SHAO S, XU H, et al.Integrated system of mechanical refrigeration and thermosyphon for free cooling of data centers[J].Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 75:185-192
[21]HE H, WANG W, QI Z, et al.Operation analysis on refrigeration system combined with heat pipe[C]∥International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference, 2016:1-7
Operational power usage efficiency evaluation of air conditioning equipment in data center rooms
Abstract: To evaluate the power usage efficiency of air conditioning equipment in data center rooms in different climate zones, determines the maximum design mechanical load component (MLC) in different cities according to meteorological zone of ASHRAE.Taking Shanghai area as an example, measures the energy consumption of three selected typical data center rooms, calculates the MLC in operation and maintenance stage, compares them with maximum design MLC, and analyses whether the power usage efficiency can meet the design requirement.The maximum design MLC can scale the power usage efficiency of air conditioning equipment and guide the desirable operation, maintenance and energy saving retrofitting.
Keywords: data center room; air conditioning; power usage efficiency; mechanical load component (MLC) ; maximum design value; climate zone;
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