ASHRAE关于传染性气溶胶的立场文件更新点对比解读与启示
引用文献：
涂书阳 方宇. ASHRAE关于传染性气溶胶的立场文件更新点对比解读与启示[J]. 暖通空调，2023，48（11）positiondocument;infectiousaerosol;transmissionriskcontrol;reserveddesign;ultravioletsterilization;personalizedventilation;.
Tu Shuyang Fang Yu. Comparative interpretation and implications of updated points of ASHRAE's position document on infectious aerosols[J]. build，2023,48（11）positiondocument;infectiousaerosol;transmissionriskcontrol;reserveddesign;ultravioletsterilization;personalizedventilation;.
摘要：ASHRAE在2020年4月更新了传染性气溶胶的立场文件，本次更新删繁就简，缩减了背景及传播机理的篇幅，在保留上一版(2014版)大部分建议措施的基础上，引入证据级别分级制，量化各措施可信度，具备更强的可操作性和指导性。本文逐章节概括更新前后的差异点，从建议措施中筛选出平-疫转换预留设计、紫外线消毒灭菌、个性化通风三方面进行重点解读，分析技术利弊，提出措施应用时的注意事项，供工程师、研究人员参考。
关键词：立场文件传染性气溶胶传播风险控制预留设计紫外线消毒灭菌个性化通风
基金：positiondocument;infectiousaerosol;transmissionriskcontrol;reserveddesign;ultravioletsterilization;personalizedventilation;
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参考文献[1] ASHRAE.Position document on infectious aerosols[R].Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc.,2020:1- 11.
[2] ASHRAE.Position document on airborne infectious diseases[R].Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc.,2014:1- 16.
[3] 郭金成，黄中.医院通风空调平疫结合及转换措施探讨[J].暖通空调，2022,52(9):78- 85.
[4] 严浩.紫外线消毒灭菌(UVGI)与(过滤+UVGI)洁净技术[J].机电信息，2009(29):3- 9.
[5] 刘慧莉.分析紫外线消毒存在问题及改进措施[J].医药前沿，2017(27):376- 377.
[6] 浙江晨辉照明有限公司，广东雪莱特光电科技股份有限公司，北京电光源研究所.紫外线杀菌灯：GB 19258—2012[S].北京：中国标准出版社，2012:5.
[7] ASHRAE.Position document on filtration and air cleaning[R].Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc.,2021:1- 15.
[8] 艾正涛，叶金军，MELIKOV A K,等.现有防疫通风措施及基于先进气流组织的源头控制技术应用[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2022,49(5):203- 214.
[9] MELIKOV A K.Human body micro-environment:the benefits of controlling airflow interaction[J].Building and environment,2015,91:70- 77.
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[11] 中国青年报.华西医院研制正压防护头罩，让医务防疫人员免受呼吸受阻皮肤压疮之苦[EB/OL].(2022-09-22)[2022-11-15].https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1744655284125543794&wfr=spider&for=pc.
[2] ASHRAE.Position document on airborne infectious diseases[R].Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc.,2014:1- 16.
[3] 郭金成，黄中.医院通风空调平疫结合及转换措施探讨[J].暖通空调，2022,52(9):78- 85.
[4] 严浩.紫外线消毒灭菌(UVGI)与(过滤+UVGI)洁净技术[J].机电信息，2009(29):3- 9.
[5] 刘慧莉.分析紫外线消毒存在问题及改进措施[J].医药前沿，2017(27):376- 377.
[6] 浙江晨辉照明有限公司，广东雪莱特光电科技股份有限公司，北京电光源研究所.紫外线杀菌灯：GB 19258—2012[S].北京：中国标准出版社，2012:5.
[7] ASHRAE.Position document on filtration and air cleaning[R].Atlanta:ASHRAE Inc.,2021:1- 15.
[8] 艾正涛，叶金军，MELIKOV A K,等.现有防疫通风措施及基于先进气流组织的源头控制技术应用[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2022,49(5):203- 214.
[9] MELIKOV A K.Human body micro-environment:the benefits of controlling airflow interaction[J].Building and environment,2015,91:70- 77.
[10] MELIKOV A K.Advanced air distribution:improving health and comfort while reducing energy use[J].Indoor air,2016,26(1):112- 124.
[11] 中国青年报.华西医院研制正压防护头罩，让医务防疫人员免受呼吸受阻皮肤压疮之苦[EB/OL].(2022-09-22)[2022-11-15].https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1744655284125543794&wfr=spider&for=pc.
Comparative interpretation and implications of updated points of ASHRAE's position document on infectious aerosols
Abstract: ASHRAE updates the position document on infectious aerosols in April 2020. This updated document is simplified by reducing the length of the background and the mechanism of virus transmission. On the basis of retaining most of the recommended measures from the previous version(2014 version), the new document introduces the evidence-level grading system to quantify the credibility of various measures, which has made it more operable and instructive. This paper summarizes the differences before and after the update chapter by chapter, and selects three aspects of the recommended measures from the new document, namely, the reserved design for the pandemic-era, ultraviolet sterilization, and personalized ventilation. This paper analyses the pros and cons of the measures, and provides the precautions for the application of the measures, which provides a reference for the engineers and researchers.
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