地铁列车空调冷凝器热回流的数值模拟研究
摘要：以我国某地铁车站为研究对象，采用STESS软件和PHOENICS软件进行模拟计算，分别对开启/关闭车站排热系统时列车在停站期间的冷凝器热回流问题进行研究。通过研究发现：冷凝器的进风温度中间高两端低，说明中间位置的冷凝器排风热回流最严重，越向两端越弱；在关闭车站排热系统时，冷凝器进风平均热回流比例为64%,在开启车站排热系统后，热回流比例减少至56%,说明开启车站排热系统可以有效排除列车冷凝器排热量，降低排风热回流，有效避免出现因进风温度过高而造成列车空调停机的问题。给出了列车各冷凝器进风中来自冷凝器排风、隧道空气和站内空气的比例，结合理论及实测温度等参数，计算得到冷凝器的平均进风温度，并与实测数据进行对比，验证了模拟计算的准确性。此外，实际列车冷凝器的回风温度可以根据冷凝器排风温度、隧道温度和站内温度计算得到，进而指导车站排热系统的设计和运行，对于降低排热系统运行能耗具有一定意义。
关键词：地铁车站冷凝器热回流STESSPHOENICS运行能耗
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Numerical simulation of heat reflux of air conditioning condensers in metro trains
Abstract: Taking a metro station in China as the research object, this paper uses the STESS software and PHOENICS software to simulate and calculate the problem of condenser heat reflux problem during the stopping period when the station heat exhaust system is turned on and off, respectively. It is found that the condenser inlet air temperature is high in the middle and low at ends, which indicates that the condenser exhaust air heat reflux is the most serious in the middle and weaker at the ends. When the thermal exhaust system is turned off, the average condenser inlet air heat reflux rate is 64%, and after the station exhaust system is turned on, the heat reflux rate is reduced to 56%, which indicates that opening the thermal exhaust system can effectively eliminate the train condenser exhaust heat, reduce the exhaust air heat reflux, and effectively avoid the problem of train air conditioning shut down due to the high temperature of the condenser inlet air. This paper gives the proportion of the condenser inlet air from the condenser outlet air, tunnel air and station air of each condenser of the train. According to the theoretical and measured temperature and other parameters, the average inlet temperature of the condenser is calculated, and compared with the measured data, it verifies the accuracy of the simulation calculation. In addition, the actual temperature of the condenser inlet air can be calculated according to the temperature of the condenser outlet air, the tunnel air and the station air, so as to guide the design and operation of the heat exhaust system, which has certain significance for reducing the operating energy consumption of the thermal exhaust system.
Keywords: metro station; condenser; heat reflux; STESS; PHOENICS; operating energy consumption;
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