建筑业“工程分包困局”三探——“三尺之冰”是如何结成的
摘要：从历史的角度出发，在行业层面上分析“工程分包困局”的成因。制度变迁过程具有路径依赖的特点。在本土市场缺席的条件下，鲁布革工程成功的主要原因就在于外来的市场机制和本土的科层组织在局部形成的混合优势。然而，计划经济体制的惯性作用不仅使早期的改革方案存在一些偏差，而且使后面的纠偏行动困难重重。这一困局本质上是帕累托无效的均衡状态，是我国经济转型期特定条件下的产物。
关键词：制度变迁路径依赖市场准入企业资质包工队
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参考文献[1] 华冬冬，亓霞，沙凯逊.建筑业“工程分包困局”初探——为什么要超越古典政治经济学?[J].建筑经济，2022(4)：5-9.
[2] 亓霞，曾大林，沙凯逊.建筑业“工程分包困局”再探——取消了分包限制又如何?[J].建筑经济，2022(5)：5-9.
[3] Bowles，S.Microeconomics：Behavior，Institutions and Evolution[M].Princeton：Princeton University Press，2004.
[4] Sha，K.X.and Hua，D.D.Historical dynamics of construction business systems：An institutional evolution perspective[J].The Engineering Project Organization Journal，2013(4)：227-239.
[5] 刘倩，杨杰，沙凯逊.建筑企业的盈利能力：调研与思考[J].建筑经济，2008(1)：17-19.
[6] Williamson，O.E.The economics of governance[J].The American Economic Review，2005(2)：1-18.
[7] 陈宏伟.关于工程分包的法与经济学分析[J].建筑经济，2021(2)：5-8.
[2] 亓霞，曾大林，沙凯逊.建筑业“工程分包困局”再探——取消了分包限制又如何?[J].建筑经济，2022(5)：5-9.
[3] Bowles，S.Microeconomics：Behavior，Institutions and Evolution[M].Princeton：Princeton University Press，2004.
[4] Sha，K.X.and Hua，D.D.Historical dynamics of construction business systems：An institutional evolution perspective[J].The Engineering Project Organization Journal，2013(4)：227-239.
[5] 刘倩，杨杰，沙凯逊.建筑企业的盈利能力：调研与思考[J].建筑经济，2008(1)：17-19.
[6] Williamson，O.E.The economics of governance[J].The American Economic Review，2005(2)：1-18.
[7] 陈宏伟.关于工程分包的法与经济学分析[J].建筑经济，2021(2)：5-8.
Tertiary Exploration into the Dilemma of Subcontracting in the Construction Industry：How does the ‘Three-Foot-Thick Ice’ Freeze?
Abstract: The causes of dilemma of subcontracting in the construction industry are analyzed from a historical perspective at the industrial level.Institution change processes are characterized by path dependency.The main cause of the success of Lubuge hydro-electrical project lies in the hybrid advantage at the local level which was formed by integrating foreign market mechanism and local hierarchy in the absence of the local market.It is the inertia effect of the planned economic system，however，that led to shortcomings and deviations in early reform program，and makes corrective action beset with difficulties.It is concluded that the dilemma is in essence a Pareto inefficient evolutionarily stable state in the institution change process，an outcome under specific conditions of the period of China’s economic transition.
Keywords: institution change; path dependency; market access; enterprise qualification; labor contracting team
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