电压偏差在低压配电系统中的计算及优化
摘要：电压偏差是电能质量的一个重要指标，本文介绍了电压偏差的计算方法，并在不同参数下对线路及变压器电压降进行了计算分析，得出了影响线路及变压器电压降的因素及减小电压降的方法，对于截面积超过95mm2的交联聚乙烯绝缘电力电缆，供电半径超过150m时，线路电压降会大于3%，由于建筑施工过程中不可预测问题，变压器及配电箱内各元件均会造成电压损失，因此，干线设计时供电半径不宜超过150m，计算变压器压降时应考虑变压强容量、功率因数、负载率等因素。对于实际工程中遇到需要核实电压偏差的情况，本文中计算结果可供参数。
关键词：电能质量 电压偏差 线路电压降 变压器电压降
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参考文献[1]中国航空规划设计研究总院有限公司．工业与民用供配电设计手册(第四版)[M]．北京:中国电力出版社，2016．
[2] 12SDX101-2民用建筑电气设计计算及示例[M]．北京:中国计划出版社，2012．
[3]JGJ16-2008民用建筑电气设计规范[S]．北京:中国建筑工业出版社，2008．
[4]GB 50052-2009供配电系统设计规范[S]．北京:中国计划出版社，2009．
[5]GB/T 12325-2008电能质量供电电压偏差[S]．北京:中国标准出版社，2009.
[2] 12SDX101-2民用建筑电气设计计算及示例[M]．北京:中国计划出版社，2012．
[3]JGJ16-2008民用建筑电气设计规范[S]．北京:中国建筑工业出版社，2008．
[4]GB 50052-2009供配电系统设计规范[S]．北京:中国计划出版社，2009．
[5]GB/T 12325-2008电能质量供电电压偏差[S]．北京:中国标准出版社，2009.
Calculation and Optimization of Voltage Deviation in Low-voltage Distribution System
Abstract: Voltage deviation is an important indicator of power quality. This paper introduces the calculation method of voltage deviation and analyzes the voltage drop of line and transformer based on different parameters,so as to get the factors affecting voltage drop of line and Transformer and the method of reducing voltage drop,for YJV cables with a cross-sectional area of more than 95 mm2,when the power supply radius exceeds 150 m,the line voltage drop will be greater than 3%. Due to unpredictable problems during construction,Transformers and distribution box components will cause voltage losses.Therefore,when designing the trunk line,The power supply radius should not exceed 150 m as far as possible. When calculating the voltage drop of transformer,we should consider the factors such as variable pressure strength,power factor,load rate and so on. In case of testing voltage deviation in engineering,it will help to refer to the calculation results in this thesis
Keywords: power quality; voltage deviation; line voltage drop; transformer voltage drop;
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