金属屋面光伏一体化发展现状与技术提升
摘要：从实现“碳达峰”和“碳中和”目标和建筑节能、绿色建筑需求出发，对国内外光伏技术、光伏组件、金属屋面光伏相结合的BIPV(建筑光伏一体化)技术发展现状、以及BAPV(附着式光伏)运营的商业模式进行调研分析。提出了金属屋面与光伏一体化结合的结构安全、耐久、防排水及高效利用等技术要点，对国内外金属屋面光伏的相关标准进行梳理，提出了金属屋面BIPV在风荷载取值、光伏组件与金属屋面的连接技术、缺乏光伏与金属屋面产品相结合的工程实施及验收管理标准等方面需要提升和发展。
关键词：金属屋面；建筑光伏一体化；附着式光伏；发展现状；技术提升；
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参考文献[1] 清华大学建筑节能研究中心.中国建筑节能年度发展研究报告2021-城镇住宅专题 [M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2021.
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[3] 江亿，胡姗.中国建筑部门实现碳中和的路径[J].暖通空调，2021,51(5):1-13.
[4] NREL.Best research-cell efficiencies[EB/OL].[2020-04-06].https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2020/index.php?t=su.
[5] 东方证券研究所.建筑工程行业深度报告-建筑光伏迎风口建筑行业开启新蓝海[R].2021-09.
[6] Solar power europe global market outlook 2020-2024[EB/OL].https://www.solarpowereurope.org/global-market-outlook-2020-2024/.
[7] 徐伟，边萌萌，张昕宇，等.光电建筑应用发展的现状[J].太阳能，2021(4):6-15.
[8] 建筑光伏系统应用技术标准：GB/T 51368—2019[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2019.
[9] Solar energy systems for roofs requirements for structural connections to solar panels Photovoltaics in buildings:PD CEN/TR 16999:2019 [S].Brussels:British Standards Institution,2019.
[10] Solar America Board for Codes and Standards.Flammability testing of standard roofing products in the presence of stand-off mounted PV modules[R/OL].http://www.solarabcs.org.
[11] BACKSTROM B,SLOAN D,GHANDI P.Report of experiments of minimum gap and flashing for rack mounted photovoltaic modules phase 4-Project Number:-11CA43479,File Number:IN15911[R].2012.
[12] CANCELLIERE P,MANZINI G,TRAINA G,et al.PV modules on buildings-outlines of PV roof samples fire rating assessment[J].Fire Safety Journal,2021,120:103139.
[13] 光伏建筑一体化系统防雷技术规范：GB/T 36963—2018[S].北京：中国标准出版社，2018.
[14] 龙文志.光伏屋面将进入大发展的时代[J].建筑技术，2014,45(1):6-14.
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[16] Photovoltaics in buildings—part 1:BIPV modules:EN 50583-1:2016[S].Brussels:British Standards Institution,2016.
[17] Photovoltaics in buildings—part 2:requirements for building-integrated photovoltaic systems:IEC 63092-2:2020[S].Geneva,Switzerland:IEC,2020.
[18] Photovoltaics in buildings—part 2:BIPV systems:EN 50583-2:2016[S].Brussels:British Standards Institution,2016.
[19] European Committee for Electronical Standardization.Photovoltaic (PV)module safety qualification:EN 61730-1-2[S].Brussels:British Standards Institution,2018.
[20] Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV)modules-design qualification and type approval:BS EN IEC 61215-1-2.2021[S].Brussels:British Standards Institution,2021.
[21] Solar energy systems for roofs-Requirements for structural connections to solar panels:PD CEN/TR 16999:2019[S].Brussels:British Standards Institution,2019.
Development status and technology improvement of metal roof integrated photovoltaic
Abstract: Based on the goal of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutral", building energy conservation and green building demand, the development status of building integrated photovoltaic(BIPV) technology combining photovoltaic technology, photovoltaic modules, and metal roof photovoltaics, as well as the business model of building attached photovoltaic(BAPV) were investigated and analyzed. The technical points of structural safety, durability, waterproofing and drainage and high-efficiency utilization of metal roof and photovoltaic integration were put forward, and the relevant standards of metal roof photovoltaic at home and abroad were sorted out. It is proposed that metal roof BIPV needs to be improved and developed in the aspects of wind load value, photovoltaic module and metal roof connection technology, project implementation and acceptance management standards that lack the combination of photovoltaic and metal roof products.
Keywords: metal roof; building integrated photovoltaic; building attached photovoltaic; development status; technology improvement
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