220/380V电源系统相线落入水中电位梯度的计算
引用文献：
王勇 李楠 于锁辉. 220/380V电源系统相线落入水中电位梯度的计算[J]. 智能建筑电气技术，2018，48（6）.
Wang Yong Li Nan Yu Suohui. Calculation of Potential Gradient of 220/380V Electrical Power System Phase Line Falling into Water[J]. build，2018,48（6）.
摘要：根据GB/T 13870. 1-2008《电流对人和家畜的效应第1部分:通用部分》, 35mA电流通过人体手到脚的时间超过1 000ms, 就可能引起心室纤维性颤动, 而心室纤维性颤动是致命的主要原因。由于人体的阻抗随着湿度、面积和接触电压而变化, 所以通过人体的电流与电压不是线性关系。本文分析相线落入水中形成电位梯度, 以人体在水中承受交流电压12V为允许值作为判据, 通过定量分析给出带电的水中可能出现电击的危险范围。
关键词：接触电压 跨步电压 等电位联结 电击防护 皮肤阻抗
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参考文献[1]Xiaozhe Wang, Hsiao-Dong Chiang.Analytical Studies of Quasi Steady-State Model in Power System Long-term Stability Analysis[M].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I, 2013 (2284171) .
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[8]GB/T 17045-2006电击防护装置和设备的通用部分[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2006.
[9] 3-2017/IEC 60364-5-54:2011《低压电气装置第5-54部分:电气设备的选择和安装接地配置和保护导体》[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2018.
[2]王勇.建筑物电气系统接地研讨[J].建筑电气, 2018 (8) :3-9.
[3]Xiaozhe Wang, Hsiao-Dong Chiang.Numerical Investigations on Quasi Steady-State Model for Voltage Stability:Limitations and Nonlinear Analysis[M].International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems.2012.
[4] GB 50065-2011交流电气装置的接地设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社, 2011
[5]Xiaozhe Wang, Hsiao-Dong Chiang.Some issues with Quasi-Steady State Model in Long-term Stability[M].IEEE PES general meeting 2013.
[6] GB 16895.33-2017/IEC 60364-5-56:2009《低压电气装置第5-56部分:电气设备的选择和安装安全设施》[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2018.
[7]中国航空规划设计研究总院有限公司.工业与民用供配电设计手册 (第四版) [M].北京:中国电力出版社, 2016.
[8]GB/T 17045-2006电击防护装置和设备的通用部分[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2006.
[9] 3-2017/IEC 60364-5-54:2011《低压电气装置第5-54部分:电气设备的选择和安装接地配置和保护导体》[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2018.
Calculation of Potential Gradient of 220/380V Electrical Power System Phase Line Falling into Water
Abstract: According to《Effects of current on human beings and livestocks—Part 1: General aspects》GB/T 13870. 1-2008, ventricular fibrillation may occur when human hand to foot passes 35 mA current over1000 ms. Since human impedance varies with humidity, touch area and touch voltage, current and voltage are not linear. In this paper, the potential gradient formed by the phase line falling into water is analyzed. The allowable value of 12 V ac voltage is taken as the criterion. The risk range of electric shock in charged water is given by quantitative analysis.
Keywords: touch voltage; step voltage; equipotential bonding; protection against electric shock; skin impedance;
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